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Pearl Pigment introduction and application
2025-01-06

Pearlescent pigments, with their metallic luster characteristics, are classified as non-metallic optical effect pigments with metallic texture. They can simulate the shining effect of metallic pigments while releasing gentle colors like natural pearls. Under the sunshine, pearlescent pigments show delicate, dazzling or colorful luster and color through multiple reflections.

The structure of pearlescent pigments is based on mica, flake quartz, flake aluminum oxide or flake glass powder. The surface of these substrates is covered with a transparent film of high refractive index metal oxide to form a unique composite material.

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In terms of classification, pearlescent pigments can be subdivided into the following categories:

1. Aluminum flake substrate: Some metal flakes have their own metallic luster, and their color can be further beautified by coating with additional metal or non-metal compounds. The application of specific compounds can also give pearlescent pigments special functions such as color conversion.

2. Mica substrate: Natural mica is an ideal substrate, especially mica titanium pearlescent pigment, which has mature technology and extensive research. This type of pigment can present a silvery white color, and the color changes with the thickness of the titanium dioxide coating. The different refractive indices of mica and titanium dioxide create significant pearlescent, color and visual glittering effects through multiple reflections and interference of light.

3. Glass substrate: Although mica flakes can achieve a smaller thickness and a larger diameter-to-thickness ratio, their uneven thickness distribution may affect the stability of the coating. In contrast, pearlescent pigments with glass flakes as the substrate show better performance and higher gloss.

4. Oxide substrate: Certain metal oxides can be prepared into flake structures by specific methods to meet the refractive index, thickness-to-diameter ratio and other conditions required by pearlescent pigments. After the surface of the oxide flakes is coated with a thin layer of metal, a pearlescent pigment with soft luster, good decorative effect, light and heat resistance and chemical stability can be obtained.

 5. Inorganic substrate: Inorganic substrate pearlescent pigments include high mercuric chloride, bismuth oxychloride, acid lead phosphate, basic lead carbonate, basic lead arsenate, etc.

 6. Other substrates: With the deepening of research, new materials such as kaolin, graphite flakes, and ceramic flakes have also been used in the preparation of pearlescent pigments.

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Pearlescent pigments have a wide range of applications:

1. In cosmetics, they are an important element in cosmetic color matching due to their strong hiding power, high transparency, good hue and wide color spectrum.

2. They are applied to ceramics to give ceramics unique optical properties.

3. In the field of coatings, whether it is automobiles, buildings or home appliances, pearlescent pigments can add color and protection to the coating.

4. Pearlescent inks are becoming increasingly popular in high-end packaging printing, such as tobacco packaging, high-end wine labels and anti-counterfeiting printing.

5. Combined with textiles, they give fabrics pearl-like luster and color. 6. Applicable to a variety of plastics, enhancing the metallic luster and pearlescent effect of plastics. In addition, pearlescent pigments are also used in the production of antique bronze, artificial stone and other fields.


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